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الكونجرس الامريكى ودراما سقف الدين - أحمد زايد

بداية الحكاية  منذ عقد تقريبا سمح الكونجرس الامريكى بإنفاق تريليونات الدولارات مما ادى لتضاعف ديون الولايات المتحدة خلال تلك الفترة ، قام الكونجرس بفرض ما يعرف باسم سقف الدين  وقد رفع سقف الدين آخر مرة بمقدار 2.5 تريليون دولار في ديسمبر 2021 ليصل إلى ما يقرب من 31.4 تريليونا. اثار موضوع سقف الدين الامريكى جدلا كبيرا خلال 2023 فى عهد الرئيس جو بايدن .  استخدم بعض المشرعين الذين ينتقدون الديون الامريكية المفاوضات بشأن تعديل الحد لمحاولة  تقليل الانفاق حيث حذر الاقتصاديون من عواقب كارثية إذا لم تعد الخزانة  الامريكية قادرة على سداد الديون. في يناير 2023 ، بلغ إجمالي الدين الامريكى  31.4 تريليون دولار.حيث  تعاني الحكومة الأمريكية من عجز يبلغ متوسطه حوالي تريليون دولار كل عام منذ عام 2001 ، مما يعني أنها تنفق أموالًا أكثر بكثير مما تحصل عليه من الضرائب والإيرادات الأخرى. أصل المشكلة  عندما يطالب الكونجرس الامريكى برفع سقف الديون فان ذلك لا يمثل التزاما ماليا للولايات المتحدة الامريكية حيث يتم تشريع قرارات إنفاق الأموال بشكل منفصل ، وموافقة الاغلبية من...

Beyond sensory memories- Ahmed zayed

  





Our faculties of scent, taste, touch, locate, or hearing can take us on a journey into memory. Our memory-retrieval abilities empower us to coordinate the past with the show, fair as our perceptual aptitudes empower us to put through a stimulus within the show to an occasion within the past. We regularly don't realize that certain tactile recollections actuated by a sound, scent, tastes, locate, or touch may propel the memory of a connection to somebody. The scent of a misplaced adored one, the taste of certain nourishment reminiscent of them, or music that we once joined to the picture of a specific individual will enact recollections. We may be uninformed of what we are recalling indeed even though we are likely to feel the significance of that memory and have a picture of a left individual in our intellect or a circumstance in which they were shown. Within the early 1900s, French writer and writer Marcel Proust presented the term “involuntary memory.” In his novel In Look of Misplaced Time, he composed almost going to his mother who had advertised his tea and a petite madeleine. As he drank the tea at the side tasting the madeleine he felt a dazzling joy, an all-powerful delight. Proust concluded that the sensation he felt was not in what he had expended, but was inside himself, associated with recollections of his youth. He pointed out how a tedious tactile experience—in this case, taste—can bring out the past and modify our perceptual and phenomenological reactions.

Automatic recollections, moreover known as automatic unequivocal memory, automatic personal memory, automatic cognizant memory, and “the Proust phenomenon,” happen without our cognizant exertion when certain prompts are experienced in way of, life such as taste, trigger memories of the past. Tragically, fair as we don't “taste” a certain dinner we have been eating for a month, we may too get to be habituated to a near relationship with somebody, such as a companion, accomplice, or parent. Hence, in case they kick the bucket or take off us we may accept we have underestimated the individual most vital to us when it is only that our brain had gotten to be commonplace with them. Since the tactile components actuated by eating moreover incorporate the setting of devouring nourishment, such as where and how nourishment is eaten, and with whom, we might anticipate that the misfortune of a cherished one may impact the survivor’s craving and reaction to nourishment in common. For illustration, on the off chance that we continuously eat supper with a life partner, accomplice, or child, their nonappearance may be horrendously prominent amid mealtimes, aside from the common trouble that can influence our craving.

 Loss-related recollections of our encounters with smells can be gotten to be actuated by display circumstances that coordinate put away data. As a result of recollections, different odors can increment our heart rate or raise our blood weight. On the other hand, something we scent can moreover lower our heart rate and blood weight, subsequently making a sense of well-being or calmness.

On the off chance that certain smells can influence us physiologically and candidly in our waking life, can they too impact our rest? Disturbed rest and stretch are regularly cited among individuals whose sentimental accomplice kicks the bucket. In a worldwide ponder over different societies, rest unsettling influences were among the foremost habitually detailed deprivation side effects. We may trait these indications to numerous causes, but we may not consider how the nonattendance of an adored one’s scent plays a part. Concurring to later investigate, the fragrance of a cherished one may impact our reaction to push and how well we rest.

Running profound in our recollections are the sounds of words or music. A specific tune, the sound of a voice, or certain clamors are prompts that can actuate recollections. The reverberation we encounter from certain vocal tones and rhythms, as well as the aggravation we might feel from them, result from certain and express recollections of early experiences. Auditory recollections are persevering. As an illustration, tuning in to music from a certain period brings back recollections of our encounters at the time. Upon losing a cherished one, hearing a specific piece of shared music can actuate blissful recollections that lead to a re-experiencing of sentiments around the misfortune.

Whereas one individual may be adjusted to sounds, another may be watchful approximately what is seen. A few analysts have found that our memory for pictures of visual objects is more grounded than acknowledgment memory for sounds. Interests, sound-related memory is by and large more long-lasting, and visual memory appears to have a bigger capacity; in any case, distinctive encounters in our lives with pictures and sounds may impact the way our memory performs.

One of the troublesome challenges for individuals in grieving includes visual signals that trigger recollections. A photo, the assets of a perished cherished one, or a put where a few passionate closeness was shared can enact recollections of pleasurable encounters that result in a despondency reaction. As with other tactile inputs, in no time after a misfortune, a photo may trigger positive recollections that are concurrently exceptionally excruciating. Our level of resistance for uncovering ourselves to visual boosts that trigger recollections of the expired changes over time and with modern life encounters. For a few individuals, visual updates are comforting, which leads them to hold on to the belonging of a perished adored one. Not at all like other faculties, touch requires substantial contact. Sensations of touch emerge from the skin, muscles, and other insides faculties, however, the skin is considered the essential sense organ whereby touch discernment is experienced. “Haptic perception” alludes to the method of distinguishing a question through touch. Among the numerous things that create yearning within the dispossessed, embraces from the person who has passed on are one of the foremost habitually said in my psychotherapy hone. The nonattendance of touch is additionally conspicuous in pet misfortune. The physical history shared with an adored one that includes touching, grinning, holding, common look, sexual or sexual experiences, and enthusiastic attunement clear out follows in one’s possess body and living space. When these strings of shared connection break down through misfortune, the survivor’s torment may bear a likeness to the ghost torment experienced by somebody with a removed appendage.

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